Today’s Must Read

Three for three?

National Security Letters have been the FBI’s favorite toy for the past several years, and who can blame them? With none of the hassle of a warrant and a gag order that ensures stealth, the NSL is a counterterrorism investigators best friend. The FBI issues tens of thousands of NSL requests each year (nearly 50,000 in 2006). After a major review by the Justice Department’s inspector general last year found a host of abuses, FBI Director Robert Mueller promised that the FBI would clean up its act. But that doesn’t necessarily mean that the number of NSLs issued has gone down — just that agents are on alert that they can’t be so sloppy.

Yesterday, the Electronic Frontier Foundation and ACLU announced that they’d succeeded in getting the FBI to back down from an NSL request issued in late 2007. The request had gone to the Internet Archive and had requested personal information about one of the Archive’s users, including the individual’s name, address, and any electronic communication transactional records. It just so happens that the Archive’s Digital Librarian Brewster Kahle is on EFF’s board of directors, and he decided to fight the request. Except it wasn’t easy due to the gag order that accompanied the letter: “Because they initially were not allowed to discuss the NSL over the phone, Kahle and his attorneys had to drive to one another’s offices whenever they wanted to talk about the case.”

But Kahle’s lawyers at the EFF and ACLU were ultimately successful — and the ACLU says this means that they’ve won every time they’ve gone to court to fight a NSL:

Every time an NSL has been challenged in court, the FBI has backed off, said Melissa Goodman, an ACLU staff attorney. “That calls into question how much the FBI needed the information in the first place, and finally, whether the FBI needs this kind of sweeping and unchecked surveillance power.”

The two other instances of NSL withdrawals involved a library and an Internet consulting business. In February 2004, the FBI served an NSL on the Internet firm. In November 2006, the FBI withdrew the letter, after a lawsuit by the ACLU, but maintained the gag order, which is why the firm has not been publicly identified. The lawsuit, which challenges the constitutionality of the law authorizing NSLs, is still pending.

In July 2005, the FBI served an NSL on Library Connection, a library consortium in Connecticut. That year, the ACLU sued on grounds similar to the other case. In April 2006, the FBI withdrew the gag order. Three months later, it withdrew the NSL as well.

Meanwhile the FBI says that the information requested was “relevant to an ongoing, authorized national security investigation.” I guess they’ll just have to get the information some other way.